The+World+Economy

Prince Henry the Navigator financed annual expeditions down the western coast of Africa in an effort to find a sea route to the Indies, establish trade with Africa, and find the fabled Christian kingdom of Prester John.

The West's First Outreach: Maritime Power New Technology: A Key to Power Main Idea- Technological innocation helped to propel Europeans the forefront of the world economy
 * Notes page 350-359:**
 * Improved compasses + cartography + other navigational equipment
 * Round hulled ships (for carry heavy things)
 * European metalwork + Chinese explosives = destructive weapons = intimidation factor.

Portugal and Spain Lead the Pack Main Idea- Portugal and Spain were the first antions to control overs sea trading.
 * King Henry the Navigator = organized a expeditions that lead to discovery of the Cape of Good Hope
 * European sailors connect w/ Indian trade routes = iron pots to trade
 * Violence since trade didn't work
 * Spain expanded w/ greater force
 * Muslims were expelled from Spain
 * Christopher Columbus set sail for a westward route to India
 * Columbus mistaken Natives in the Americas for Indians

Northern European Expeditions Main Idea- Began to dominate trade work that Spain and Portugal once dominated.
 * Spain + Portugal tried process new gains in territory,
 * Britain + France began expanding.
 * British destroyed the Spanish Armada (battle)
 * Economic = motivational factor for expansion.
 * British East Indian Company
 * British and the Dutch Companies
 * Netherlands + Britain + France = created trading companies
 * Those companies acted as independent governments
 * Companies raised armies + established great commercial fortunes

Toward a World Economy The Columbian Exchange of Disease and Food Main Idea- Exchanged of food and disease led to new crops and death of Indians
 * Afro-Eurasian diseases (smallpox + measles) were transferred to native Americans
 * Thousands died of diseases
 * 80% of an entire island's population would fall victim to these diseases.
 * Diseases = weakened the strength of Native Americans (150 yrs)
 * 30% of all food around the world is based on crops(American origin)
 * Food spread slow
 * "American foods carried diseases" = "not safe to eat weren't mentioned in the bible"...
 * French fried potatoes = popular in the 1680s.
 * Animal Husbandry = popular (as horses + cattle)

A System of International Inequality Main Idea- New World economy changed the social status of people around the world.
 * Coercive labor systems spread
 * Global economies required cheap production of goods to make a profit.
 * Natives +Mestizos = estate agriculture (answer) as the peasants = no legal independence to go.
 * African princes + slaveholders could become wealthy (tended to import European goods instead of using slave labor)

-If I had to choose a single determinism as basic to social change it would be the technological advancements to conquered other nations. When conquistadors came to the Americas for example they had better weapons rather than Indian Bow, arrows, and hunting knives. With greater weapons they dominated societies who weren't aware of them. Since we live to know that humans always want more and they're never satisfied, they tend to get more. Fame and glory are and were two reasons for these actions.
 * Page 354 In Depth: Causation and the West's Expansion**
 * Questions:** If you had to choose a single determinism (cultural, technological, or economic) as basic to social change, which one would you pick? Why? In what ways might the professed motives of Western explorers and colonists have differed from their real motives? Would they necessarily have been aware of the discrepancy?


 * Early Patterns of Colonization in the Americas and Africa: **


 * Summary The World Economy **